These are the objective endpoints that would actually test each compound's claims — as opposed to the subjective anecdotes the marketing relies on.
Telomere length pre/post — SpectraCell qPCR (~$259) or Life Length HT-Q-FISH (~$300–400). Triplicate samples, 12-month interval, fasting draw, same lab, same assay both draws. NOT "I sleep better."
CD3/CD4/CD8 T-cell subsets, NK cell activity, IL-2 level, TREC (thymic output) assay. 8–12 weeks pre/post, same lab. NOT "I feel healthier."
IL-2 levels, macrophage activity, hepatic function panel. Pre/post at 8–12 weeks.
Cognitive testing battery (MoCA, Trail Making A/B), EEG changes, neuroinflammation markers (NfL). NOT "I think more clearly."
Cognitive battery (Trail-making, Stroop, digit span), EEG, NfL neuroinflammation marker.
IPSS symptom score, PSA, prostate volume (ultrasound), urinary flow rate (Qmax). NOT subjective "feels better."
Joint MRI, COMP and CTX-II cartilage biomarkers, WOMAC score. Pain scale as secondary endpoint only.
Liver panel (ALT/AST/GGT), lymphocyte subset analysis.
Endothelial function testing (flow-mediated dilation), vascular reactivity.
Respiratory function (spirometry), TNF/inflammation markers.
OCT monitoring, visual acuity, retinal nerve fiber layer thickness. Annual eye exams.
Same immune panel as Thymalin (CD3/CD4/CD8, NK activity, IL-2, TREC), 8–12 weeks pre/post.
Liver panel (ALT/AST/GGT), hepatic ultrasound.
HbA1c, C-peptide, insulin sensitivity (HOMA-IR).
Total/free testosterone, LH, FSH, testicular ultrasound. Draw at same time of day, same lab.
Immune markers (same panel as Thymalin: CD subsets, NK activity).
Echo (ejection fraction), ECG, BNP, troponin, lipid panel.
Doppler flow, microcirculation assessment, BP monitoring.
See each peptide's page for its single most-relevant protocol; evidence-tiers.html for what each tier can prove.